{"id":92,"date":"2024-04-23T23:17:03","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T15:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/?p=92"},"modified":"2024-04-23T23:17:03","modified_gmt":"2024-04-23T15:17:03","slug":"how-to-make-alumina-powder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/jak-vyrobit-praskovy-oxid-hlinity\/","title":{"rendered":"jak vyrobit pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Jak vyrobit pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed keramiky<\/h1>\n<p>Velikost a tvar \u010d\u00e1stic ur\u010duje vlastnosti pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, tak\u017ee pro \u00fa\u010dely zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed keramiky mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pr\u00e1\u0161ek oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho \u010dist\u00fd, jemn\u00fd, hust\u00fd, neaglomerovan\u00fd, s kulovit\u00fdm tvarem \u010d\u00e1stic a rovnom\u011brn\u00fdm rozd\u011blen\u00edm velikosti.<\/p>\n<p>n\u00e1\u0161 pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je pe\u010dliv\u011b pros\u00e9v\u00e1n, aby se odstranily velk\u00e9 aglomer\u00e1ty, co\u017e vede k rychlej\u0161\u00edmu le\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a povrchov\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b bez \u0161kr\u00e1banc\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me n\u00e1\u0161 vysokoenergetick\u00fd vibra\u010dn\u00ed pros\u00e9va\u010d Hi-Sifter, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee pros\u00e9vat na jemn\u00e9 mikronov\u00e9 velikosti.<\/p>\n<h2>Hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed synt\u00e9za<\/h2>\n<p>Pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je b\u00edl\u00e1 nebo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 b\u00edl\u00e1 l\u00e1tka s krystalickou strukturou, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 svou vysokou tvrdost\u00ed a elektroizola\u010dn\u00edmi vlastnostmi. Nav\u00edc d\u00edky sv\u00e9 netoxi\u010dnosti nereaguje s v\u011bt\u0161inou kyselin a jeho trvanlivost umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdrobu hust\u00e9 keramiky a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f nebo sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed do povlakov\u00e9 oceli a litinov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed synt\u00e9za pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako m\u00e9dium pro synt\u00e9zu oxid\u016f kov\u016f vodu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e reak\u010dn\u00ed kinetika z\u00e1vis\u00ed na teplot\u011b, dob\u011b trv\u00e1n\u00ed a pH reak\u010dn\u00edho m\u00e9dia. Teplotn\u00ed rozmez\u00ed se obvykle pohybuje mezi 500 a 900 stupni C, zat\u00edmco tlak v syst\u00e9mu se obvykle pohybuje od 10 do 80 MPa. Hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed synt\u00e9zou lze rovn\u011b\u017e z\u00edskat komplexn\u00ed nanostrukturn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly v\u010detn\u011b oxid\u016f, k\u0159emi\u010ditan\u016f a sulfid\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Metoda 1 spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v nalit\u00ed reak\u010dn\u00edho roztoku do autokl\u00e1vu z niklov\u00e9 oceli s polytetrafluorethylenovou (PTFE) v\u00fdstelkou, jeho ut\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed rychlost\u00ed 3 K\/min a\u017e do dosa\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ijateln\u00e9 teploty a reakce po stanovenou dobu. Byla zachov\u00e1na kontrola, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo tvorb\u011b hydr\u00e1t\u016f oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho nebo produkt\u016f amonioalunitu, kter\u00e9 by mohly sn\u00ed\u017eit kvalitu pr\u00e1\u0161ku.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch reak\u010dn\u00edch \u010dasech jsme zkoumali morfologii vzork\u016f vyroben\u00fdch s NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. Na\u0161e zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee lze vytvo\u0159it v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i odr\u016fdy hydr\u00e1t\u016f oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho: boehmit, diaspor, gibbsit a bayerit.<\/p>\n<h2>Chemick\u00e1 synt\u00e9za<\/h2>\n<p>Pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je b\u00edl\u00fd nebo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 b\u00edl\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad v keramice, elektronice a automobilov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. Hlin\u00edk m\u00e1 vysokou tepelnou vodivost a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed elektroizola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti; d\u00e1le se vyzna\u010duje dobrou mechanickou pevnost\u00ed a odolnost\u00ed proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Hlin\u00edk lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt z r\u016fzn\u00fdch surovin v\u010detn\u011b bauxitu a jeho n\u00edzk\u00e1 teplota t\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed za vzniku pevn\u00fdch hmot.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed \u0159adou chemick\u00fdch reakc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prob\u00edhaj\u00ed za vysok\u00fdch teplot a tlak\u016f. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm hydroxidu hlinit\u00e9ho s vodou za vzniku suspenze, kter\u00e1 se zah\u0159eje na vysok\u00e9 teploty a tlaky a pot\u00e9 se mechanicky rozemele na \u010d\u00e1stice o velikosti nanometr\u016f pro dosa\u017een\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distoty.<\/p>\n<p>Tato metoda p\u0159edstavuje \u00fa\u010dinnou a n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed alternativu ke slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm technik\u00e1m synt\u00e9zy, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed energii i \u010das, jako je Bayer\u016fv proces nebo sr\u00e1\u017eec\u00ed\/hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed metody, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie a \u010dasu. Krom\u011b toho je tento postup v\u00fdrazn\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ty, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Bayer; m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00fd ne\u017e Bayer\u016fv postup; vyroben\u00fd z jin\u00fdch surovin; \u0161etrn\u00fd k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed; vy\u017eaduje ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teploty ne\u017e sr\u00e1\u017eec\u00ed\/hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed metody a produkuje vysoce \u010dist\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd - vhodn\u00fd pro aplikace kompozit\u016f s j\u00e1drem vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch vysoce \u010dist\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly; m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00fd ne\u017e Bayer\u016fv postup atd.<\/p>\n<h2>Mokr\u00e9 kulov\u00e9 mlet\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Mokr\u00e9 kulov\u00e9 mlet\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch, jako je metalurgie, keramika, polymery a chemie. Tento proces p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje suroviny na jemn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zlep\u0161uje vlastnosti materi\u00e1l\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zvy\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed. Dos\u00e1hn\u011bte ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pom\u011bru velikosti koule a rychlosti rotace; ten ur\u010d\u00ed kone\u010dnou velikost \u010d\u00e1stic. Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 mlec\u00ed koule jsou vysoce hust\u00e9, tvrd\u00e9 a bez probl\u00e9m\u016f vydr\u017e\u00ed vysokoenergetick\u00e9 mlet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladem v\u00fdroby pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed suspenze. To zahrnuje sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed hydroxidu hlinit\u00e9ho s vodou za \u00fa\u010delem vytvo\u0159en\u00ed roztoku a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed tohoto roztoku p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch a tlac\u00edch za \u00fa\u010delem zah\u00e1jen\u00ed hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed reakce.<\/p>\n<p>Po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kalu se pomoc\u00ed odst\u0159ediv\u00e9 s\u00edly p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed do sudu a ocelov\u00e9 kuli\u010dky a obkladov\u00e1 deska v t\u011blese sudu se navz\u00e1jem rozm\u011bl\u0148uj\u00ed a dokon\u010duj\u00ed mlec\u00ed operace, ne\u017e jsou vypu\u0161t\u011bny zp\u011bt do ob\u011bhu.<\/p>\n<p>DBDPM produkuje hust\u0161\u00ed a rovnom\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed keramiku z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s vibra\u010dn\u00edm fr\u00e9zov\u00e1n\u00edm d\u00edky kombinaci mechanick\u00e9ho a tepeln\u00e9ho nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podporuje m\u0159\u00ed\u017ekovou deformaci pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch pro v\u00fdrobu DBDPM, co\u017e vede ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed sp\u00e9kavosti a mechanick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed t\u00e9to keramiky. Krom\u011b toho tato keramika vyroben\u00e1 touto metodou vykazuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kryc\u00ed schopnost a hodnotu b\u011blosti ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi prot\u011bj\u0161ky vyroben\u00fdmi pomoc\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f z vibra\u010dn\u00edho mlet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Such\u00e9 kulov\u00e9 mlet\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je b\u00edl\u00fd nebo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 b\u00edl\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako p\u0159\u00edsada do skla, keramiky a metalurgick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. M\u00e1 dobrou tepelnou vodivost a elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di korozi, opot\u0159eben\u00ed a ot\u011bru. Tvary vyroben\u00e9 z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho lze tvarovat such\u00fdm, izostatick\u00fdm nebo hork\u00fdm lisov\u00e1n\u00edm; kluzn\u00fdm lit\u00edm; vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm nebo vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm, a\u010dkoli v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou b\u00fdt pro snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1ny pojiva.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro v\u00fdrobu tohoto pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je samop\u00e1len\u00fd hlinit\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek, dopln\u011bn\u00fd k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fdm j\u00edlov\u00fdm sl\u00ednkem, kaolinem a komplexn\u00edm pomocn\u00edkem p\u0159i sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed. Po troj\u00edm speci\u00e1ln\u00edm kulov\u00e9m mlet\u00ed a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kuli\u010dek p\u0159i sprejov\u00e9 peletizaci p\u0159ed pomal\u00fdm pe\u010den\u00edm p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00e9 teplot\u011b se touto technikou z\u00edsk\u00e1 jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed homogenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161ek s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm obsahem ne\u010distot a \u00fazk\u00fdm rozd\u011blen\u00edm velikosti \u010d\u00e1stic ne\u017e u pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f namlet\u00fdch VM.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1\u0161ek oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho by m\u011bl b\u00fdt skladov\u00e1n ve vzduchot\u011bsn\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch s \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm pro snadn\u00e9 skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulaci. M\u011bl by b\u00fdt uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n v suchu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo absorpci vlhkosti, m\u011blo by se s n\u00edm manipulovat opatrn\u011b, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo hygroskopick\u00fdm reakc\u00edm, a p\u0159i manipulaci s touto l\u00e1tkou by se m\u011bly pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky, proto\u017ee m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit vdechnut\u00ed prachu, kter\u00fd by mohl potenci\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00e9st k onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, jako je silik\u00f3za, pokud je vdechov\u00e1n v dostate\u010dn\u011b velk\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak vyrobit pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed keramiky Velikost a tvar \u010d\u00e1stic ur\u010duje vlastnosti pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, tak\u017ee pro \u00fa\u010dely zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed keramiky mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd \u010dist\u00fd, jemn\u00fd, hust\u00fd, neaglomerovan\u00fd, se sf\u00e9rick\u00fdm tvarem \u010d\u00e1stic a rovnom\u011brn\u00fdm rozd\u011blen\u00edm velikosti. n\u00e1\u0161 pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je pe\u010dliv\u011b pros\u00e9v\u00e1n, aby se odstranily velk\u00e9 aglomer\u00e1ty, co\u017e vede k rychlej\u0161\u00edmu le\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ...<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/jak-vyrobit-praskovy-oxid-hlinity\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">jak vyrobit pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd<\/span> Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed &raquo;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93,"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92\/revisions\/93"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.technicalceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}